Hypertension Management In Elderly Patients In A Nursing Home: A Nursing Case Study
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Abstract
Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan utama pada lansia yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko komplikasi kardiovaskular, penurunan kemampuan fungsional, dan kualitas hidup, terutama pada lansia yang tinggal di panti sosial. Pengelolaan hipertensi melalui asuhan keperawatan yang komprehensif dan berkelanjutan menjadi sangat penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan manajemen asuhan keperawatan pada pasien lansia dengan hipertensi di panti sosial melalui pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi kasus deskriptif pada seorang pasien perempuan berusia 78 tahun dengan diagnosis hipertensi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengkajian keperawatan komprehensif yang meliputi pengukuran tekanan darah, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Indeks Barthel, dan Berg Balance Scale. Intervensi keperawatan difokuskan pada perawatan jantung dan manajemen energi, yang meliputi posisi semi-Fowler, pengaturan diet rendah garam dan lemak, terapi pijat kaki sebagai intervensi relaksasi, serta latihan fisik ringan berupa latihan rentang gerak. Hasil menunjukkan adanya perbaikan tekanan darah secara bertahap, peningkatan kenyamanan dan relaksasi, serta meningkatnya motivasi pasien untuk melakukan aktivitas fisik harian. Kesimpulannya, asuhan keperawatan holistik yang mengintegrasikan perawatan jantung, manajemen energi, dan terapi komplementer berperan penting dalam mengoptimalkan pengelolaan hipertensi pada lansia di panti sosial.
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